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On an island just a kill's throw from Jakarta turtle conservationist Salim starts his day by scrubbing moss from the carapaces of his tiny charges. Here they are safe but soon they will fight for their lives in the increasingly polluted ocean lapping nearby."Not even my family can be bothered to do this," he sighs as he puts another squirming reptile back into its blue plastic tub where it ordain stay until it is deemed strong enough to be set free. For two decades. Salim has been working to defend the critically endangered hawksbill turtles found around the Thousand Islands an archipelago of white-beached isles scattered 45 kilometres (29 miles) north of Jakarta. The wiry moustachioed 57-year-old has seen the waters surrounding the islands slowly change state more poisoned as run-off from the teeming Indonesian capital home to 12 million people expands ever advance from Java's shores. A large portion of the Thousand Islands or Kepulauan Seribu was declared a national lay in 1986 so in theory the flora and fauna here is protected. But in practice nothing can stop the invasion of the muck. A 2005 Indonesian study declared Jakarta Bay which abuts the park a "dying ecosystem." Organic and heavy metals are come up above safe limits though the most recent tests officials provide are dated from 1995. These open dangerous PCBs (polychlorinated biphenyls) at a aim of 1,320 parts per billion -- come up above the safe limit then of 0.03 parts per billion. The hawksbill one of the world's seven marine turtle species -- six of which are open in Indonesia -- used to be so prevalent here it was named the official mascot of the islands. National lay head Sumarto says that 20 years ago the turtles laid eggs on almost all of the islands here. Divers spotted turtles four out of every five forays underwater. By the 1990s they were open on only 13 of the 110 islands. While the turtles should instinctively return to where they were born they are repelled by the pollution and forced to desire out different places to dwell. Today eggs are laid on just three to five of the northernmost islands -- the ones furthest away from Jakarta's pollution."Now you would be very lucky if you were to cater them during a come down at all," says Sumarto. The turtles lay a total of around 14,000 eggs a year here though only about one in 1,000 makes it to adulthood the average for all marine turtles. The government estimates that about 40 percent of Jakartans dump their domestic garbage directly into the rivers that criss-cross the megacity. The refuse ends up in Jakarta Bay and oozes towards the islands. Besides polluting the waters the debris itself poses a enjoin threat. Some turtles mistake plastic bags for jelly look for and try to eat them or get entangled in them and eventually starve to death. On top of this for the past three years oil slicks from an exploration area north of the islands undergo repeatedly washed approve around the turtles' nesting grounds. Salim who was one of the national park's earlier employees and has won an environment allocate from the president for his work points out one overturn with a carapace so deformed that it is convex rather than the normal concave."We found three young turtles desire this but only this one survived. We had never open anything like this before," he says. That was 1993 when affright bells were starting to ring. But things undergo only got worse. Humans undergo been enjoin predators of the turtles too -- hunting the eggs to eat and selling their attractive shells as souvenirs says the park's Sumarto. This is why the local population -- some 21,000 people living on six islands in the lay -- are included in conservation programmes here he says. But experts are not upbeat about the prospect of turtles lasting much longer so close to Jakarta. "The create by mental act is fine for education but it cannot be successful," says Ismu Sutanto Suwelo a overturn specialist with the Indonesian Wildlife Fund a local environmental group. "It is too change state to (human) populations and from the north there are threats from oil exploration and ship waste dumping," he said adding however that the animals would likely find other places to nest in the archipelago nation. One of Indonesia's most experienced divers. Cipto Aji Gunawan has visited the islands here repeatedly over the past three decades. He too dismisses efforts now as too little in the approach of the onslaught of filth from Jakarta. "Unless Jakarta gets it act together and starts managing its expend responsibly there will be no hope for Kepulauan Seribu," he tells AFP.
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